복합관계대명사 whoever, whosever, whomever, whichever, whatever 영어공부, 영문법, 토익

안녕하세요.

 

오늘은 복합관계대명사에 대해 정리할께요.

 

복합관계대명사란 [관계대명사 + ever] 의 형태로서 whoever, whosever, whomever, whichever, whatever 등이 있는데

< any + 선행사 + 관계대명사 > 로 바꾸어 쓸 수 있으며 '명사절' 이나 '부사절'을 유도합니다.

 

	명사절	양보 부사절
whoever	anyone who(~하는 사람은 누구나)	no matter who (누가 ~ 할지라도)
whosever	anyone whose(~하는 사람은 누구나)	no matter whose ( 누구의~ ~이 ~한다 할지라도)
whomever	anyone whom(~하는 사람은 누구나)	no matter whom(~누구를 ~한다 할지라도)
whichever	any one that(~하는 사람은 어느쪽이든) any thing that(~하는 것은 어느것이나)	no matter which(어느것을 ~한다 할지라도)
whatever	anything that(~하는 것은 무엇이나)	no matter what(무엇을 ~한다 할지라도)

(1) 명사절을 유도할 때

ex) Anyone may have it. + He comes first.

 -> Anyone who comes first may have it. ( 형용사절 )

 -> Whoever comes first may have it. ( 명사절 )

 

ex) Give it to anyone. + His composition is good.

 -> Give it to anyone whose composition is good.

 -> Give it to whosever composition is good.

 

ex) You may give it to anyone. + You live him.

 -> You may give it to anyone whom you like.

 -> You may give it to whomever you like.

 

ex) You may take any thing that you like.

 -> You may take whichever you like.

 

ex ) Any one that comes in first will receive a prize.

-> whichever comes in first will receive a prize.

 

ex) You may take anything that you need.

 -> You may take whatever you need.

 

(2) 양보 부사절을 유도할 때

ex) Whoever may come, he will be welcome. ( whoever : may come 의 주격 )

 

    Whosever it may be, I want to have it. ( Whosever : may be의 주격 보어 )

    

    Whomever you may love, he will desert you. ( Whomever : may love 의 목적격)

 

    Whichever you choose, you will be pleased. ( Whichever : choose 의 목적격 )

 

    Whatever you may do, do it well. (Whatever : may do의 목적격)

 

 

(3) 복합 관계형용사

 

1. 명사절 유도

 

[whichever + 명사, whatever + 명사] 의 형태로 whichever, whatever 가 다음에 나오는 명사를 수식하는 형용사로 쓰이며 명사절을 유도한다.

 

whichever = any ~ that : 어느 쪽의 ~ 이라도

whatever = any ~ that : 어떤 ~ 이라도, 무슨 ~ 이라도

 

ex ) You may buy whichever novel you like. ( Whichever novel = any novel that )

     

     He will let her have whatever book she wants. (whatever book = any book that )

 

     Ask whatever men you like to the party. ( whatever men = any men that )

 

2. 양보부사절 유도

 

ex ) Whosever book it may be, you bay read it.

   

     Whichever course you may choose, the mountain is dangerous to climb.

 

     Whatever difficulties you may meet with, Don't be discouraged.

 

3. whatever의 부사적 용법

 

부정문, 의문문에서 [no{any,all} + 명사 + whatever ] 의 어순을 취하고, 명사 뒤에 붙어서 명사를 강조하며,

"조금이라도, 전혀"의 뜻이다.

 

ex) There is no doubt whatever.

    

    I have no intention whatever of resigning.

 

   Is there any chance whatever?